在从WinForm转型到WPF的过程中，ComboBox是一个常见的控件。虽然在WinForm中也存在ComboBox，但WPF中强大的数据绑定与可视化样式能力，为我们提供了更灵活的开发方式。本文将从以下几个方面来介绍WPF中的ComboBox用法及样式自定义。

WinForm与WPF ComboBox的主要区别

• 概念差异

  WinForm中的ComboBox通常以“添加项（Items.Add）”方式或DataSource绑定方式。WPF中我们更常使用数据绑定（Binding）和XAML配置，摆脱纯手动代码操作。

• 布局与界面定义

  WinForm通过拖拽控件到Form上进行布局。而WPF则可使用XAML进行布局，借助布局容器（如StackPanel、Grid等）实现更灵活的界面组合与动态变化。

• 样式与模板

  在WinForm中，如果要自定义ComboBox的外观，需要修改属性或借助第三方控件。WPF则可以使用ControlTemplate和DataTemplate在XAML中直接定义视觉外观。

基础用法示例

基本XAML写法

下面是一个在WPF中声明ComboBox的最基础示例：

XML
<Window x:Class="AppComboBox.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AppComboBox"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
    <Grid>
        <ComboBox Name="comboBoxBasic" 
                  Width="200" 
                  VerticalAlignment="Top"
                  SelectedIndex="0">
            <!-- 直接在XAML中添加选项 -->
            <ComboBoxItem>选项一</ComboBoxItem>
            <ComboBoxItem>选项二</ComboBoxItem>
            <ComboBoxItem>选项三</ComboBoxItem>
        </ComboBox>
    </Grid>
</Window>

在以上XAML中，ComboBoxItem是WPF中ComboBox的单个子项，与WinForm里Items.Add("xxx")类似，但使用XAML方式具有更好的可读性与维护性。

后台代码设置

如果想在后台（C#）中为ComboBox添加动态选项，可以直接操作comboBoxBasic.Items，类似于WinForm，但依然建议使用数据绑定：

C#
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace AppComboBox
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            // 动态添加选项
            comboBoxBasic.Items.Add("动态选项A");
            comboBoxBasic.Items.Add("动态选项B");
        }
    }
}

这样也可以实现与WinForm中类似的体验，但更推荐使用如下绑定方式。

数据绑定示例

在WPF中，更推荐使用数据绑定来与数据源交互。下面是一个典型例子：

ViewModel定义

C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace AppComboBox
{
    public class ViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        private string selectedItem;
        public string SelectedItem
        {
            get => selectedItem;
            set
            {
                selectedItem = value;
                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(SelectedItem));
            }
        }

        public ObservableCollection<string> Items { get; set; }

        public ViewModel()
        {
            // 初始化数据源
            Items = new ObservableCollection<string>()
        {
            "数据绑定选项一",
            "数据绑定选项二",
            "数据绑定选项三"
        };
            SelectedItem = Items[0];
        }

        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
        protected void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
        {
            PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
        }
    }
}

XAML绑定

XML
<Window x:Class="AppComboBox.Window1"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AppComboBox"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="Window1" Height="450" Width="800">
    <Window.DataContext>
        <local:ViewModel />
    </Window.DataContext>
    <Grid Margin="10">
        <ComboBox Width="200" 
                  ItemsSource="{Binding Items}" 
                  SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedItem}"
                  VerticalAlignment="Top" />
    </Grid>
</Window>

在此示例中：

• ItemsSource绑定到ViewModel中的Items集合
• SelectedItem绑定到ViewModel中的SelectedItem属性
• 当用户选取新项时，SelectedItem会自动更新，便于后续操作或界面联动

自定义样式（Style）示例

WPF最大的优势在于可深度定制控件的视觉外观。下面展示一个基础的ComboBox自定义Style案例：

基础Style

XML
<Window x:Class="AppComboBox.Window2"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AppComboBox"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="Window2" Height="450" Width="800">
    <Window.Resources>
        <!-- 定义ComboBox的样式 -->
        <Style TargetType="ComboBox" x:Key="CustomComboBoxStyle">
            <!-- 设置ComboBox的整体外观 -->
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="DarkBlue"/>
            <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold"/>
            <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="RoyalBlue"/>
            <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="2"/>
            <Setter Property="Padding" Value="4"/>
            <!-- 当鼠标悬停时改变边框颜色 -->
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="ComboBox">
                        <Border Name="Border" 
                                BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                                BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"
                                Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                            <Grid>
                                <ToggleButton Name="ToggleButton"
                                              Grid.Column="2"
                                              Focusable="False"
                                              ClickMode="Press"
                                              IsChecked="{Binding Path=IsDropDownOpen, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                                              Background="LightGray"
                                              BorderThickness="0"
                                              Content="▼"
                                              HorizontalAlignment="Right"
                                              VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                                <ContentPresenter Margin="4"
                                                  HorizontalAlignment="Left"
                                                  VerticalAlignment="Center"
                                                  RecognizesAccessKey="True" />
                                <Popup Name="Popup"
                                       Placement="Bottom"
                                       IsOpen="{TemplateBinding IsDropDownOpen}"
                                       AllowsTransparency="True"
                                       Focusable="False"
                                       PopupAnimation="Slide">
                                    <Border Name="DropDownBorder"
                                            BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                                            BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"
                                            Background="White">
                                        <ScrollViewer Margin="4"
                                                      SnapsToDevicePixels="True">
                                            <ItemsPresenter />
                                        </ScrollViewer>
                                    </Border>
                                </Popup>
                            </Grid>
                        </Border>
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                            <!-- 当ComboBox禁用时的外观处理 -->
                            <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False">
                                <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="Gray"/>
                            </Trigger>
                            <!-- 当用户点击下拉时，切换下拉菜单可见性 -->
                            <Trigger Property="IsDropDownOpen" Value="True">
                                <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="CornerRadius" Value="5"/>
                                <Setter TargetName="DropDownBorder" Property="CornerRadius" Value="0 0 5 5"/>
                            </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>

    <StackPanel Margin="10">
        <ComboBox Width="200" Style="{StaticResource CustomComboBoxStyle}">
            <ComboBoxItem>自定义样式选项1</ComboBoxItem>
            <ComboBoxItem>自定义样式选项2</ComboBoxItem>
            <ComboBoxItem>自定义样式选项3</ComboBoxItem>
        </ComboBox>
    </StackPanel>
</Window>

在这个示例中：

• ControlTemplate定义了ComboBox的视觉树，包括ToggleButton、Popup等部分
• 通过TemplateBinding将外部设置的BorderBrush、Background等属性绑定到内部元素
• 通过Trigger针对控件状态（如IsEnabled、IsDropDownOpen）来动态改变样式

复杂数据模板（DataTemplate）示例

有时我们需要ComboBox里的每个项包含复杂内容，而不仅仅是一行文字。此时可以使用DataTemplate来定义每项外观：

XML
<Window x:Class="AppComboBox.Window3"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AppComboBox"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="Window3" Height="450" Width="800">
    <Window.DataContext>
        <local:ComplexViewModel />
    </Window.DataContext>
    <Window.Resources>
        <!-- 每个下拉项的复杂排版 -->
        <DataTemplate x:Key="ComplexItemTemplate" DataType="{x:Type local:Person}">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="5">
                <!-- 头像或图标，可使用Image等控件，Source可以为绑定的图像路径 -->
                <Rectangle Fill="DarkOrange" Width="16" Height="16" Margin="0,0,5,0"/>
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="Navy" Margin="0,0,5,0"/>
                <TextBlock Text=" - " Foreground="Gray"/>
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Age}" Foreground="Teal"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </DataTemplate>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid Margin="10">
        <ComboBox Width="300" 
                  ItemsSource="{Binding People}" 
                  ItemTemplate="{StaticResource ComplexItemTemplate}" 
                  SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedPerson}"
                  VerticalAlignment="Top">
        </ComboBox>
    </Grid>
</Window>

对应ViewModel

C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace AppComboBox
{
    public class ComplexViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        private Person selectedPerson;
        public Person SelectedPerson
        {
            get => selectedPerson;
            set
            {
                selectedPerson = value;
                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(SelectedPerson));
            }
        }

        public ObservableCollection<Person> People { get; set; }

        public ComplexViewModel()
        {
            People = new ObservableCollection<Person>
        {
            new Person { Name = "张三", Age = 30 },
            new Person { Name = "李四", Age = 25 },
            new Person { Name = "王五", Age = 28 }
        };
            SelectedPerson = People[0];
        }

        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
        void OnPropertyChanged(string property)
            => PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(property));
    }

    public class Person
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int Age { get; set; }
    }
}

通过DataTemplate，我们可以把每个下拉项渲染得更加丰富，如增加头像、图标、不同颜色的文本等。这在WinForm中就相对麻烦，需要自定义绘制或借助第三方控件。

完整示例

C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace AppComboBox
{
    public class Person : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        private string _name;
        private int _age;
        private string _department;

        public string Name
        {
            get => _name;
            set
            {
                if (_name != value)
                {
                    _name = value;
                    OnPropertyChanged();
                }
            }
        }

        public int Age
        {
            get => _age;
            set
            {
                if (_age != value)
                {
                    _age = value;
                    OnPropertyChanged();
                }
            }
        }

        public string Department
        {
            get => _department;
            set
            {
                if (_department != value)
                {
                    _department = value;
                    OnPropertyChanged();
                }
            }
        }

        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

        protected void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
        {
            PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
        }
    }
}

C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Input;

namespace AppComboBox
{
    public class MainViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        private Person _selectedPerson;
        private string _selectedSimpleItem;
        private string _selectedDepartment;
        private ObservableCollection<string> _departments;

        public ObservableCollection<Person> People { get; private set; }
        public ObservableCollection<string> SimpleItems { get; private set; }

        public Person SelectedPerson
        {
            get => _selectedPerson;
            set
            {
                if (_selectedPerson != value)
                {
                    _selectedPerson = value;
                    OnPropertyChanged();
                }
            }
        }

        public string SelectedSimpleItem
        {
            get => _selectedSimpleItem;
            set
            {
                if (_selectedSimpleItem != value)
                {
                    _selectedSimpleItem = value;
                    OnPropertyChanged();
                }
            }
        }

        public string SelectedDepartment
        {
            get => _selectedDepartment;
            set
            {
                if (_selectedDepartment != value)
                {
                    _selectedDepartment = value;
                    OnPropertyChanged();

                    // 当选择部门时，如果有选中的人员，更新他们的部门  
                    if (SelectedPerson != null)
                    {
                        SelectedPerson.Department = value;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        public ObservableCollection<string> Departments
        {
            get => _departments;
            set
            {
                if (_departments != value)
                {
                    _departments = value;
                    OnPropertyChanged();
                }
            }
        }

        public ICommand AddPersonCommand { get; private set; }

        public MainViewModel()
        {
            // 初始化简单数据源  
            SimpleItems = new ObservableCollection<string>
            {
                "选项一",
                "选项二",
                "选项三",
                "选项四",
                "选项五"
            };
            SelectedSimpleItem = SimpleItems[0];

            // 初始化部门列表  
            Departments = new ObservableCollection<string>
            {
                "研发部",
                "市场部",
                "人力资源部",
                "财务部",
                "行政部"
            };
            SelectedDepartment = Departments[0];

            // 初始化人员数据  
            People = new ObservableCollection<Person>
            {
                new Person { Name = "张三", Age = 28, Department = "研发部" },
                new Person { Name = "李四", Age = 32, Department = "市场部" },
                new Person { Name = "王五", Age = 25, Department = "研发部" },
                new Person { Name = "赵六", Age = 40, Department = "财务部" },
                new Person { Name = "钱七", Age = 35, Department = "人力资源部" }
            };
            SelectedPerson = People[0];

            // 初始化命令  
            AddPersonCommand = new RelayCommand(AddPerson);
        }

        private void AddPerson(object parameter)
        {
            var newPerson = new Person
            {
                Name = "新员工",
                Age = 30,
                Department = SelectedDepartment
            };

            People.Add(newPerson);
            SelectedPerson = newPerson;
        }

        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

        protected void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
        {
            PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
        }
    }

    // 简单的命令实现  
    public class RelayCommand : ICommand
    {
        private readonly Action<object> _execute;
        private readonly Predicate<object> _canExecute;

        public RelayCommand(Action<object> execute, Predicate<object> canExecute = null)
        {
            _execute = execute ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(execute));
            _canExecute = canExecute;
        }

        public bool CanExecute(object parameter)
        {
            return _canExecute == null || _canExecute(parameter);
        }

        public void Execute(object parameter)
        {
            _execute(parameter);
        }

        public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
        {
            add { CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; }
            remove { CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; }
        }
    }
}

XML
<Window x:Class="AppComboBox.Window4"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AppComboBox"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        xmlns:vm="clr-namespace:AppComboBox"  
        Title="Window4" Height="450" Width="800">
    <Window.Resources>
        <!-- 数据模板：复杂ComboBox项模板 -->
        <DataTemplate x:Key="PersonItemTemplate">
            <Grid Margin="5">
                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <Ellipse Width="24" Height="24" Fill="#3498db" Margin="0,0,8,0"/>
                <StackPanel Grid.Column="1">
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" FontWeight="Bold" FontSize="14"/>
                    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                        <TextBlock Text="年龄: " Foreground="#777"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Age}" Foreground="#777"/>
                        <TextBlock Text=" | " Foreground="#777" Margin="5,0"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="部门: " Foreground="#777"/>
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding Department}" Foreground="#777"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                </StackPanel>
            </Grid>
        </DataTemplate>

        <!-- 自定义ComboBox样式 -->
        <Style x:Key="CustomComboBoxStyle" TargetType="ComboBox">
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#333333"/>
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="#f0f0f0"/>
            <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="#2980b9"/>
            <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
            <Setter Property="Padding" Value="8,4"/>
            <Setter Property="Height" Value="32"/>
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="ComboBox">
                        <Border x:Name="Border"   
                                BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"   
                                BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"   
                                Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"  
                                CornerRadius="4">
                            <Grid>
                                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                                    <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
                                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                <!-- 内容区域 -->
                                <ContentPresenter   
                                    Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"  
                                    Content="{TemplateBinding SelectionBoxItem}"  
                                    ContentTemplate="{TemplateBinding SelectionBoxItemTemplate}"  
                                    HorizontalAlignment="Left"  
                                    VerticalAlignment="Center"/>

                                <!-- 下拉按钮 -->
                                <ToggleButton Grid.Column="1"   
                                              Focusable="False"  
                                              IsChecked="{Binding IsDropDownOpen, Mode=TwoWay, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"  
                                              Width="24"   
                                              BorderThickness="0"  
                                              Background="Transparent">
                                    <Path x:Name="Arrow"  
                                          Fill="#2980b9"  
                                          Data="M0,0 L10,0 L5,5 Z"  
                                          HorizontalAlignment="Center"  
                                          VerticalAlignment="Center"  
                                          Margin="0,2,0,0"/>
                                </ToggleButton>

                                <!-- 下拉面板 -->
                                <Popup IsOpen="{TemplateBinding IsDropDownOpen}"  
                                       AllowsTransparency="True"  
                                       Focusable="False"  
                                       PopupAnimation="Slide"  
                                       Placement="Bottom">
                                    <Border x:Name="DropDownBorder"  
                                            BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"  
                                            BorderThickness="1"  
                                            Background="White"  
                                            CornerRadius="0,0,4,4"  
                                            MinWidth="{TemplateBinding ActualWidth}"  
                                            MaxHeight="{TemplateBinding MaxDropDownHeight}">
                                        <ScrollViewer Margin="4">
                                            <ItemsPresenter/>
                                        </ScrollViewer>
                                    </Border>
                                </Popup>
                            </Grid>
                        </Border>

                        <!-- 触发器 -->
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                            <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False">
                                <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="#e0e0e0"/>
                                <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="BorderBrush" Value="#cccccc"/>
                                <Setter TargetName="Arrow" Property="Fill" Value="#999999"/>
                            </Trigger>
                            <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
                                <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="BorderBrush" Value="#3498db"/>
                            </Trigger>
                            <Trigger Property="IsDropDownOpen" Value="True">
                                <Setter TargetName="Arrow" Property="Data" Value="M0,5 L10,5 L5,0 Z"/>
                            </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>

    <Window.DataContext>
        <vm:MainViewModel/>
    </Window.DataContext>

    <Grid Margin="20">
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>

        <!-- 标题 -->
        <TextBlock Text="WPF ComboBox 示例应用"   
                   FontSize="24"   
                   FontWeight="Bold"   
                   Margin="0,0,0,20"/>

        <!-- 基础ComboBox示例 -->
        <StackPanel Grid.Row="1" Margin="0,0,0,20">
            <TextBlock Text="基础ComboBox示例"   
                       FontSize="16"   
                       FontWeight="Bold"   
                       Margin="0,0,0,10"/>

            <Grid>
                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

                <!-- 左侧：静态项 -->
                <StackPanel Grid.Column="0" Margin="0,0,10,0">
                    <TextBlock Text="静态项ComboBox" Margin="0,0,0,5"/>
                    <ComboBox SelectedIndex="0"   
                              Width="300"   
                              HorizontalAlignment="Left">
                        <ComboBoxItem>选项A</ComboBoxItem>
                        <ComboBoxItem>选项B</ComboBoxItem>
                        <ComboBoxItem>选项C</ComboBoxItem>
                        <ComboBoxItem>选项D</ComboBoxItem>
                        <ComboBoxItem>选项E</ComboBoxItem>
                    </ComboBox>
                    <TextBlock Text="说明: 直接在XAML中使用ComboBoxItem添加项"   
                               Foreground="#777"   
                               Margin="0,5,0,0"/>
                </StackPanel>

                <!-- 右侧：数据绑定项 -->
                <StackPanel Grid.Column="1">
                    <TextBlock Text="数据绑定ComboBox" Margin="0,0,0,5"/>
                    <ComboBox ItemsSource="{Binding SimpleItems}"   
                              SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedSimpleItem}"   
                              Width="300"   
                              HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
                    <TextBlock Text="说明: 使用ItemsSource绑定到ViewModel的集合属性"   
                               Foreground="#777"   
                               Margin="0,5,0,0"/>
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding SelectedSimpleItem, StringFormat=已选择: {0}}"   
                               Margin="0,5,0,0"   
                               FontWeight="Bold"/>
                </StackPanel>
            </Grid>
        </StackPanel>

        <!-- 自定义样式ComboBox示例 -->
        <StackPanel Grid.Row="2" Margin="0,0,0,20">
            <TextBlock Text="自定义样式ComboBox示例"   
                       FontSize="16"   
                       FontWeight="Bold"   
                       Margin="0,0,0,10"/>

            <Grid>
                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

                <!-- 左侧：部门选择 -->
                <StackPanel Grid.Column="0" Margin="0,0,10,0">
                    <TextBlock Text="自定义样式" Margin="0,0,0,5"/>
                    <ComboBox ItemsSource="{Binding Departments}"   
                              SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedDepartment}"   
                              Style="{StaticResource CustomComboBoxStyle}"   
                              Width="300"   
                              HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
                    <TextBlock Text="说明: 使用自定义ControlTemplate定义ComboBox外观"   
                               Foreground="#777"   
                               Margin="0,5,0,0"/>
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding SelectedDepartment, StringFormat=已选择部门: {0}}"   
                               Margin="0,5,0,0"   
                               FontWeight="Bold"/>
                </StackPanel>

                <!-- 右侧：内容相关 -->
                <StackPanel Grid.Column="1">
                    <TextBlock Text="说明" Margin="0,0,0,5" FontWeight="Bold"/>
                    <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">  
                        此示例使用了自定义ControlTemplate来定义ComboBox的外观，包括边框、下拉箭头和弹出面板。  
                        触发器(Trigger)用于处理鼠标悬停、禁用和下拉状态。
                    </TextBlock>
                </StackPanel>
            </Grid>
        </StackPanel>

        <!-- 复杂项ComboBox示例 -->
        <StackPanel Grid.Row="3" Margin="0,0,0,20">
            <TextBlock Text="复杂数据模板ComboBox示例"   
                       FontSize="16"   
                       FontWeight="Bold"   
                       Margin="0,0,0,10"/>

            <Grid>
                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

                <!-- 左侧：人员选择 -->
                <StackPanel Grid.Column="0" Margin="0,0,10,0">
                    <TextBlock Text="带数据模板的人员列表" Margin="0,0,0,5"/>
                    <ComboBox ItemsSource="{Binding People}"   
                              SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedPerson}"   
                              ItemTemplate="{StaticResource PersonItemTemplate}"   
                              Width="350"   
                              HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
                    <TextBlock Text="说明: 使用DataTemplate定义复杂项目布局"   
                               Foreground="#777"   
                               Margin="0,5,0,0"/>
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding SelectedPerson.Name, StringFormat=已选择: {0}}"   
                               Margin="0,5,0,0"   
                               FontWeight="Bold"/>
                    <Button Content="添加新员工"   
                            Command="{Binding AddPersonCommand}"   
                            Width="120"   
                            Height="30"   
                            Margin="0,10,0,0"   
                            HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
                </StackPanel>

                <!-- 右侧：选中详情 -->
                <Border Grid.Column="1"   
                        Background="#f9f9f9"   
                        BorderBrush="#ddd"   
                        BorderThickness="1"   
                        CornerRadius="4"   
                        Padding="15">
                    <StackPanel>
                        <TextBlock Text="选中人员详情" FontWeight="Bold" Margin="0,0,0,10"/>
                        <Grid>
                            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="80"/>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                            </Grid.RowDefinitions>

                            <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Text="姓名:" FontWeight="SemiBold"/>
                            <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding SelectedPerson.Name}"/>

                            <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" Text="年龄:" FontWeight="SemiBold" Margin="0,5,0,0"/>
                            <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding SelectedPerson.Age}" Margin="0,5,0,0"/>

                            <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" Text="部门:" FontWeight="SemiBold" Margin="0,5,0,0"/>
                            <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding SelectedPerson.Department}" Margin="0,5,0,0"/>

                            <TextBlock Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="0" Text="调整部门:" FontWeight="SemiBold" Margin="0,10,0,0"/>
                            <ComboBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1"   
                                      ItemsSource="{Binding Departments}"   
                                      SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedDepartment}"   
                                      Margin="0,10,0,0"/>
                        </Grid>
                    </StackPanel>
                </Border>
            </Grid>
        </StackPanel>

        <!-- 底部说明 -->
        <Border Grid.Row="4"   
                Background="#e8f4ff"   
                BorderBrush="#c5e0ff"   
                BorderThickness="1"   
                CornerRadius="4"   
                Padding="15"   
                Margin="0,10,0,0">
            <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">  
                <Run FontWeight="Bold">WPF ComboBox的主要特点:</Run>  
                <LineBreak/>  
                1. <Run FontWeight="SemiBold">数据绑定:</Run> 通过 ItemsSource 和 SelectedItem 属性可以与ViewModel实现双向绑定  
                <LineBreak/>  
                2. <Run FontWeight="SemiBold">样式定制:</Run> 使用 Style 和 ControlTemplate 可以完全自定义外观  
                <LineBreak/>  
                3. <Run FontWeight="SemiBold">数据模板:</Run> 通过 DataTemplate 支持复杂项目布局  
                <LineBreak/>  
                4. <Run FontWeight="SemiBold">触发器:</Run> 使用 Trigger 可以根据状态改变样式  
                <LineBreak/>  
                5. <Run FontWeight="SemiBold">MVVM友好:</Run> 完美支持MVVM模式，便于测试和维护
            </TextBlock>
        </Border>
    </Grid>
</Window>

总结

由此可见，从WinForm到WPF的转变过程中，ComboBox的使用方式更偏向XAML配置与数据绑定。WPF独具的Style、Template和强大的DataBinding机制大大提高了UI的自定义能力和代码维护性，让我们能够轻松构建更加灵活、美观且易扩展的界面。

在实际项目中，建议充分利用WPF的数据绑定与模板特性来减少重复代码。只要掌握了XAML的布局概念以及样式/模板的应用，就能比WinForm更好地驾驭复杂界面开发场景。